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Hardness Formula:
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Water hardness refers to the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water. In Australia, water hardness is typically measured in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm) of calcium carbonate equivalent.
The calculator uses the standard formula for water hardness calculation:
Where:
Explanation: The total hardness is simply the sum of calcium and magnesium concentrations, as these are the primary minerals responsible for water hardness.
Details: Understanding water hardness is important for various applications including determining water treatment requirements, assessing suitability for industrial processes, and evaluating effects on plumbing systems and appliances.
Tips: Enter calcium and magnesium concentrations in mg/L. Both values must be valid (non-negative numbers).
Q1: What are the typical hardness levels in Australian water?
A: Water hardness varies across Australia, ranging from soft (0-60 mg/L) in some areas to very hard (180+ mg/L) in others, particularly in regions with limestone geology.
Q2: How does water hardness affect daily life?
A: Hard water can cause scale buildup in pipes and appliances, reduce soap efficiency, and affect the taste of water and beverages made with it.
Q3: What units are used for water hardness in Australia?
A: Australia typically uses milligrams per liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm) of calcium carbonate equivalent, though some regions may use degrees of hardness.
Q4: How often should water hardness be tested?
A: For municipal water supplies, testing every 1-2 years is sufficient. For private wells or when noticing changes in water quality, more frequent testing is recommended.
Q5: Can hard water be treated?
A: Yes, water softeners using ion exchange or other methods can reduce water hardness, though the need for treatment depends on the specific application and hardness level.